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Aravalli Range
The Aravali Range〔(Aravali Biodiversity Park, Gurgaon, website )〕 (हिन्दी, संस्कृत= अरावली) literally meaning 'line of peaks',〔''The Geography of British India, Political & Physical'', by George Smith. Published by J. Murray, 1882. ''Page 23.''.〕 is a range of mountains in western India running approximately 692 km in a northeastern direction across Indian states of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana and Delhi.〔(Aravali Range ) ''Students' Britannica India'', by Dale Hoiberg, Indu Ramchandani. Published by Popular Prakashan, 2000. ISBN 0-85229-760-2. ''Page 92-93''.〕〔(Aravali Range ) Britannica.com.〕
==Features==
The Aravalli range are the oldest Plateau mountains in India.〔Roy, A. B. (1990). Evolution of the Precambrian crust of the Aravalli mountain range. Developments in Precambrian Geology, 8, 327-347.〕 The northern end of the range continues as isolated hills and rocky ridges into Haryana state, ending in Delhi. The famous Delhi Ridge is the last leg of the Aravalli Range, which traverses through South Delhi and terminates into Central Delhi where Raisina hill is its last extension. It is one of the world's oldest mountain ranges.〔Bhuiyan, C., Singh, R. P., & Kogan, F. N. (2006). Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 8(4), 289-302〕 It dates back to a pre-Indian subcontinental collision with the mainland Eurasian Plate. The southern end is at Palanpur near Ahmedabad, Gujarat. The highest peak is Guru Shikhar in Mount Abu in Rajasthan. Rising to 5650 feet (1722 meters), it lies near the south-western extremity of the range, close to the border with Gujarat state. The city of Udaipur with its lakes lies on the south slope of the range in Rajasthan. Numerous rivers rise amidst the ranges including the Banas River, the Luni River, the Sahibi, the Sakhi, and the Sabarmati River.The Aravalli Range is the eroded stub of a range of ancient folded mountains. The range rose in a Precambrian event called the Aravalli-Delhi orogen. The range joins two of the ancient segments that make up the Indian craton, the Marwar segment to the northwest of the range, and the Bundelkhand segment to the southeast.
Old fold mountains are characterized by having stopped growing higher due to the cessation of upward thrust caused by the stopping of movement of the tectonic plates in the Earth's crust below them. In ancient times they were extremely high but since have worn down almost completely by millions of years of weathering. In contrast, the Himalayas are continuously rising young fold mountains of today.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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